When othe

One is the key issue of safety and disposal of waste
This line I came across in the Net expresses the predicament regarding radioactive nuclear waste. ‘The stuff we are dealing with can’t go away until it decays. You can containerize it, solidi

The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) is promoting acceptance of some basic tenets by all countries for radioactive waste management. These include: (i) securing acceptable level of protection of human health; (ii) provision of an acceptable level of protection of environment; (iii) while envisaging (i) and (ii), assurance of negligible effects beyond national boundaries; (iv) acceptable impact on future generations; and (v) no undue burden on future generations. There are other legal, control, generation, safety and management aspects also. The radioactive waste management approach is to consider the nature of radioactive elements involved in terms of their half-lives and then choose the appropriate method of handling.
1) If the concentrations of radioactive elements are largely short-lived, then one would resort to what is referred to as ‘delay and decay’ approach; that is, to hold on to such a waste for a sufficiently long time that the radioactivity will die in the meanwhile.
2) Second approach is to ‘dilute and disperse’ so that the hazard in the environment is minimized.
3) But when the radioactivity is long-lived, the only approach that is possible is to ‘concentrate and contain’ the activity. In order to carry out concentrating the waste (generally the sludge), chemical precipitation, ion exchange, reverse osmosis and natural or steam evaporation, centrifuging, etc. are resorted to. The resulting solids are highly concentrated in radioactivity.
Triet Nguyen, Department of Nuclear Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, has written in an article ‘High-level Nuclear Waste Disposal’, (1994) that “High-level nuclear waste from both commercial reactors and defence industry presents a difficult problem to the scientific community as well as the public. The solutions to this problem are still debatable, both technically and ethically ... . There are many proposals for disposing high-level nuclear wastes. However the most favoured solution for the disposal of these wastes is isolating radioactive waste from man and biosphere for a period of time such that any possible subsequent release of radionuclides from the waste repository will not result in undue radiation exposure”.
The gist here is although we are aware of the dangers of radioactive wastes but we still don’t have a very safe method of disposal of nuclear waste as also monitoring system for these. Also safety issue within the nuclear reactor is another major concern. Chernobyl was an eye opener and so are many of the places where nuclear reactors are located, it has adverse affect on human population (I saw a documentary on this long time back….by Anant Patwardhan?).
Second is the issue of sharing this source of energy. Why is that only some countries allowed the access to nuclear energy? What is so special about USA or India that it can use this energy while countries like Iran or Sri Lanka is denied? Scientists in particular Einstein did it for the sake of humanity, meaning it should not have any geographical limitations. It will be in the interest of international community if these installations are under control of international agencies like IAEA or UN.
Third is the most significant one and that is there should be a standard formulated to distinguish peaceful use of nuclear energy from military. Military use of nuclear technology that is Bomb making shou

The nuclear deal of US with India if it contains provisions on Military use should be rejected. The political parties protest doesn’t seem to be on these lines. Sitaram Yechury (comrade who loves camera and studios) was quoted saying deal would take away ‘sovereign right to nuclear test’. Such an appalling statement.
Clearly society cannot solely depend on thermal or hydroelectric means for energy; the environmental ramification is significant, further it may not be able to provide for exponential energy demands. The need for ‘decarbonisation’ also put pressure on energy requirement. It is clear that nuclear energy will significantly contribute to needs in future, risks are however high unless the above mentioned factors are taken care. In the meantime countries need to focus on implementing the commitments made in the World Summit in September 2005 to take action to promote clean energy and energy efficiency and conservation, accelerate the development and dissemination of affordable and cleaner energy efficiency and energy conservation technologies, and promote and support greater efforts to develop renewable sources of energy, such as solar, wind and geothermal.